Section B: Information Matching
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Why we need tiny colleges
[A] We’re experiencing the rebirth of smallness. Farmers markets, tiny homes, and brew pubs all exemplify our love of smallness. So do charter schools, coffee shops, and local bookstores. Small is often (but not always) more affordable, healthier, and sustainable, but its finest characteristic, the one that turns charm into love, is that going small allows us to be more fully who we are.
[B] In higher education the trend is mostly in the opposite direction: Universities with 20,000 or 30,000 students are considered “mid-sized”. The nation’s largest university, Arizona State University, has 80,000 students on campus and aims to enroll another 100,000 students online. At the other end of the spectrum is a handful of colleges that have fewer than a hundred students on campus and no online courses: colleges such as Sterling College, Thomas More College of Liberal Arts, and Deep Springs College. These colleges are so small that they can only be called “tiny.”
[C] Tiny colleges focus not just on a young person’s intellect, but on the young person as a whole. Equally important, tiny colleges ask, “How can education contribute to human flourishing and the well-being of the world?” And they shape a college experience to address that question. They replace concerns about institutional growth with attention to the growth of students as fully developed participants in their communities.
[D] I’ve had the privilege of teaching at three different institutions of higher learning during my career—a small liberal arts college and two mid-sized public universities. I’ve also been profoundly disappointed in each of these institutions, and in many of my colleagues, especially when it comes to helping students and preparing them for the many responsibilities of adulthood. Administrators focus on the business of running a university, and most faculty focus on their scholarship and teaching their discipline. Little deliberate attention is given to how students mature as individuals and social beings.
[E] Having just retired from teaching at a public university, I’m now returning to my hometown of Flagstaff, Arizona, to establish a tiny college—Flagstaff College. I’m convinced there’s a need for another type of education, one devoted to helping students come into their own and into this beautiful and troubled world. Young people need an education that will provide them with meaning, hope, courage, and passion, as well as information and skills. Large institutions, I believe, are particularly ill-suited to this type of education.
[F] There’s no “best of” list when it comes to tiny colleges, at least not yet. But around the country people are creating new colleges that provide an alternative to small liberal arts colleges, large public universities, and online education.
[G] With only 26 students, Deep Springs is the smallest college in the country and, quite likely, the most atypical (非典型的). Located on a working cattle ranch on the California-Nevada border, Deep Springs is a private, residential, two-year college for men, committed to educating students for “a life of service to humanity.” Founded by the electricity tycoon (大亨) L. L. Nunn in 1917, Deep Springs’ “curriculum” revolves around academics, labor, and self-governance. In addition to their courses, students are charged with running the 155-acre ranch and overseeing the functioning of the college. Students chair both the admissions and the curriculum committees.
[H] “Living in close community with one’s teachers and fellow students, and being forced to take on adult responsibilities, makes for one’s growth as a person,” says William Hunt, who graduated last year. “To exist for very long in a community like that, you have to get over the question of whether you’re sufficiently talented or principled and get started worrying about how you can stretch yourself and your peers, how much you can manage to learn with them.”
[I] Sterling College, in Craftsbury Common, Vermont, is also very small—fewer than 100 students. Unlike Deep Springs, Sterling focuses its curriculum on environmental and social justice issues, but like Deep Springs it places a high value on personal responsibility and manual labor. According to its catalog, a college education at Sterling combines “rigorous academics, roll-up-your sleeves challenges, and good old hard work.”
[J] The average tuition at a small liberal-arts college is $30,000 to $40,000 a year, not including the cost of living on campus, as compared to $8,000 to $10,000 a year for tuition alone at a public university. Of the tiny colleges, only Deep Springs doesn’t charge tuition or room and board; students pay only for books and the cost of traveling to and from college. If tiny schools are to become a player on the higher education scene, they will need to find a way to be truly affordable.
[K] Doing so may not be that difficult so long as they do not pattern themselves too closely on existing norms. We’ve come to believe that a good college should have many academic programs and excellent facilities, posh (豪华的) dorms, an array of athletic programs, and a world-class student activity center. Imagine a good college without a climbing wall! We also have accepted the idea that college presidents, and their many vice-presidents, should be paid like their counterparts in the business world and that higher education requires an elaborate, up-to-date technology infrastructure. All of this drives up the cost of education.
[L] The “trick” to making tiny colleges affordable, if that’s the right word, is simplicity. At its core, education is a human-to-human interaction. Reflecting on his own college education, President Garfield once commented that an ideal college would consist of nothing more than the legendary teacher Mark Hopkins on one end of a log and a student on the other. The economics of a tiny college, in other words, might be similar to that of a tiny house. Because it is small, a tiny house costs less to build and less to furnish, insure, and maintain. But the economic benefits of a small house don’t end there. Tiny homes discourage homeowners from buying stuff that they really don’t need, because there’s no place to put it.
[M] I’m a late convert to the idea of tiny colleges, and I fully understand the need for many diverse types of educational institutions. Academic research and job training are important, but tiny colleges aren’t suited for either. The educational needs of a complex society are themselves complex, and no single model can meet all of these needs. But I’m now convinced there’s an educational need that’s now going almost completely unmet: namely, the need to help young people transition into adulthood. Tiny colleges can do this better than any other type of educational institution.
[N] The ultimate justification for a tiny college is the conviction that each of us comes into our full humanity by close interaction with those who know and care for us, and that one of the basic purposes of higher education is social. Although we give lip service to the idea that a college education will make us better people, when all’s said and done, we think of higher education primarily in economic terms. We’ve come to think of higher education as a means to make a living rather than a make a life. We’ve also come to see higher education as a public good rather than a private one. Tiny colleges are not the answer to all of our educational requirements, but they’re an answer to one of our most basic educational necessities: the need to produce thoughtful, engaged, and compassionate human beings.
36. One tiny American college situated on a cattle farm is devoted to educating students to serve mankind throughout their lives.
37. Much to the author’s disappointment, the three institutions of higher learning where she taught largely ignore students’ growth as social beings.
38. Tiny colleges must be made affordable in order to play a role in higher education.
39. According to a recent graduate from a tiny college, living together with faculty and fellow students is conducive to a student’s growth as a person.
40. Rather than going small, most American universities are trying to go big.
41. In a certain tiny college, rigorous academic work and traditional manual labor are integrated.
42. Tiny colleges focus on educating students to become well-rounded citizens instead of seeking their own expansion.
43. The essence of education lies in the interaction between people.
44. After her retirement, the author has decided to set up a tiny college in her hometown.
45. Tiny colleges are justified as it is believed that our growth into full humanity comes through interaction with people near and dear to us.
Answers & Explanations (答案与解析)
36. G。解析：题干 One tiny American college situated on a cattle farm is devoted to educating students to serve mankind throughout their lives. 对应 [G] 段 Located on a working cattle ranch... committed to educating students for “a life of service to humanity.” situated on 对应 Located on，cattle farm 对应 cattle ranch，serve mankind 对应 service to humanity。
37. D。解析：题干 Much to the author’s disappointment, the three institutions of higher learning where she taught largely ignore students’ growth as social beings. 对应 [D] 段 I’ve had the privilege of teaching at three different institutions... I’ve also been profoundly disappointed... Little deliberate attention is given to how students mature as individuals and social beings. ignore 对应 Little deliberate attention is given to。
38. J。解析：题干 Tiny colleges must be made affordable in order to play a role in higher education. 对应 [J] 段末句 If tiny schools are to become a player on the higher education scene, they will need to find a way to be truly affordable. play a role 对应 become a player。
39. H。解析：题干 According to a recent graduate from a tiny college, living together with faculty and fellow students is conducive to a student’s growth as a person. 对应 [H] 段 “Living in close community with one’s teachers and fellow students... makes for one’s growth as a person,” says William Hunt, who graduated last year. recent graduate 对应 graduated last year，faculty 对应 teachers，is conducive to 对应 makes for。
40. B。解析：题干 Rather than going small, most American universities are trying to go big. 对应 [B] 段 In higher education the trend is mostly in the opposite direction: Universities with 20,000 or 30,000 students... Arizona State University, has 80,000 students... aims to enroll another 100,000 表明美国大学正朝着大规模（go big）的方向发展。
41. I。解析：题干 In a certain tiny college, rigorous academic work and traditional manual labor are integrated. 对应 [I] 段 Sterling College... places a high value on personal responsibility and manual labor... combines “rigorous academics... and good old hard work.” integrated 对应 combines。
42. C。解析：题干 Tiny colleges focus on educating students to become well-rounded citizens instead of seeking their own expansion. 对应 [C] 段 Tiny colleges focus not just on a young person’s intellect, but on the young person as a whole... They replace concerns about institutional growth with attention to the growth of students as fully developed participants... become well-rounded citizens 对应 fully developed participants，instead of seeking their own expansion 对应 replace concerns about institutional growth。
43. L。解析：题干 The essence of education lies in the interaction between people. 对应 [L] 段第二句 At its core, education is a human-to-human interaction. essence 对应 core，interaction between people 对应 human-to-human interaction。
44. E。解析：题干 After her retirement, the author has decided to set up a tiny college in her hometown. 对应 [E] 段首句 Having just retired from teaching... I’m now returning to my hometown of Flagstaff, Arizona, to establish a tiny college... set up 对应 establish。
45. N。解析：题干 Tiny colleges are justified as it is believed that our growth into full humanity comes through interaction with people near and dear to us. 对应 [N] 段首句 The ultimate justification for a tiny college is the conviction that each of us comes into our full humanity by close interaction with those who know and care for us... are justified 对应 justification，believed 对应 conviction，people near and dear to us 对应 those who know and care for us。
核心搭配与高分句型
【核心搭配与高频短语】
at the other end of the spectrum：在光谱的另一端，与之截然相反的是（At the other end of the spectrum is a handful of colleges...）
when it comes to：当涉及...时（especially when it comes to helping students）
come into one's own：成熟，独立，充分发挥自己的能力（devoted to helping students come into their own）
take on：承担（being forced to take on adult responsibilities）
roll up one's sleeves：卷起袖子（准备苦干）（roll-up-your sleeves challenges）
give lip service to：口头上支持，敷衍（Although we give lip service to the idea that...）
【亮点句型解析】
Rather than 对比句型强化主旨：
"We’ve come to think of higher education as a means to make a living rather than a make a life."
（我们已经开始把高等教育看作是谋生的手段，而不是创造生活的手段。）使用 `rather than` 将 `make a living`（谋生）和 `make a life`（创造生活）进行工整的对比，极具批判性和思想深度。
"We’ve come to think of higher education as a means to make a living rather than a make a life."
（我们已经开始把高等教育看作是谋生的手段，而不是创造生活的手段。）使用 `rather than` 将 `make a living`（谋生）和 `make a life`（创造生活）进行工整的对比，极具批判性和思想深度。
So... that 结果状语从句与倒装：
"These colleges are so small that they can only be called “tiny.”"
（这些学院如此之小，以至于只能被称为“微型”。）以及 "So do charter schools, coffee shops, and local bookstores." （特许学校、咖啡店和当地书店也是如此。）`So + 助动词 + 主语` 的部分倒装结构用来表示前面所述肯定情况也适用于后者。
"These colleges are so small that they can only be called “tiny.”"
（这些学院如此之小，以至于只能被称为“微型”。）以及 "So do charter schools, coffee shops, and local bookstores." （特许学校、咖啡店和当地书店也是如此。）`So + 助动词 + 主语` 的部分倒装结构用来表示前面所述肯定情况也适用于后者。