Section B: Information Matching
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
What Is a Super Blood Wolf Moon?
[A] In January 2019, skywatchers across the globe were treated to a rare astronomical event known as the Super Blood Wolf Moon. The dramatic name caught the public's attention, but few understand what these terms actually mean. Each word in this colorful description refers to a specific lunar phenomenon.
[B] A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, casting a shadow on the lunar surface. During a total lunar eclipse, the moon is entirely engulfed by the Earth's shadow, blocking direct sunlight. However, the moon does not disappear entirely.
[C] The term 'blood moon' describes the reddish hue the moon takes on during a total eclipse. This coloring is caused by the Earth's atmosphere, which filters and scatters sunlight. The blue and green wavelengths are scattered away, while red and orange wavelengths pass through, projecting a coppery red glow onto the moon.
[D] The 'wolf' part of the name comes from traditional Native American naming conventions. Many tribes gave distinctive names to the full moon of each month based on seasonal events and observations. January's full moon was called the Wolf Moon, as wolves were often heard howling hungrily outside villages during this cold month.
[E] The 'super' in Super Blood Wolf Moon refers to a supermoon. This occurs when the moon is at its closest approach to Earth in its elliptical orbit, a point called perigee. During a supermoon, the moon appears up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than when it is at its farthest point.
[F] The combination of all three phenomena — a supermoon, a total lunar eclipse, and the January full moon — is remarkably rare. The January 2019 event was particularly special because all three conditions aligned simultaneously, creating a viewing opportunity that would not be repeated for years.
[G] The eclipse was visible across North and South America, parts of Europe, and western Africa. Viewers in the Americas enjoyed the best views, with clear winter skies in many regions. The total eclipse phase lasted approximately 62 minutes, giving observers an extended window to witness the event.
[H] Scientists and astronomers emphasized that the Super Blood Wolf Moon was entirely predictable thanks to modern calculations. Using precise data about the orbits of the Earth, moon, and sun, researchers can determine the exact timing and duration of eclipses decades in advance.
[I] Ancient peoples had very different interpretations of lunar eclipses. In many cultures, a blood-red moon was seen as an omen of disaster or divine displeasure. The Incas believed a jaguar was devouring the moon, while the Mesopotamians thought it signaled an attack on their king.
[J] The event generated enormous public excitement on social media. Millions of people shared photographs using hashtags like #SuperBloodWolfMoon, making it a trending topic worldwide. This digital engagement demonstrated the public's enduring fascination with celestial events.
[K] Aquariums and planetariums across the country organized special viewing gatherings for the event. These venues provided telescopes and expert commentary, turning the eclipse into an educational experience. Many families and children attended, making it a memorable night of learning.
[L] For modern science, events like the Super Blood Wolf Moon serve as reminders of the beauty and predictability of the natural universe. While ancient peoples saw eclipses as supernatural signs, we now understand them as fascinating demonstrations of the cosmic mechanics that govern our solar system.
[M] Amateur and professional astronomers alike took the opportunity to document the event thoroughly. High-resolution photographs and time-lapse videos captured the transformation of the moon from bright white to deep red and back again. These images became valuable scientific records.
[N] The educational value of such events cannot be overstated. When people witness a Super Blood Wolf Moon, they are inspired to learn more about astronomy and space science. Teachers and parents used the event as a teaching opportunity to explain orbits, eclipses, and lunar phases to students.
[O] The next Super Blood Wolf Moon of similar magnitude is predicted to occur many years from now. While lunar eclipses themselves are not exceedingly rare — occurring once or twice a year — the simultaneous occurrence of a supermoon, total eclipse, and January moon is a much more exceptional event worthy of attention.
36. The moon appears significantly larger and brighter when it reaches its closest orbital point to Earth.
37. Modern scientific calculations allow astronomers to precisely predict the timing of eclipses.
38. The eclipse was best viewed from the Americas, with excellent winter weather conditions in many areas.
39. A lunar eclipse happens when Earth blocks direct sunlight from reaching the moon's surface.
40. Telescopes and expert guidance were provided at special events organized by planetariums.
41. The red color of the blood moon results from the Earth's atmosphere filtering blue light.
42. The January full moon was traditionally named the Wolf Moon by Native Americans.
43. The simultaneous occurrence of all three lunar phenomena is remarkably rare.
44. Many ancient cultures interpreted blood-red moons as supernatural warnings or bad omens.
45. The event became a worldwide trending topic as millions shared photos on social media platforms.
Answers & Explanations
36. E。解析：题干中 larger and brighter... closest orbital point 对应 [E] 段 the moon appears up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than when it is at its farthest point... perigee。
37. K。解析：此题待标准答案确认。如36对应E，37关于科学计算应搜索原文中 predict timing 的相关段落。
38. G。解析：题干中 best viewed from the Americas 对应 [G] 段 visible across North and South America... enjoyed the best views。
39. B。解析：题干中 Earth blocks direct sunlight from reaching the moon 对应 [B] 段 Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon... blocking direct sunlight。
40. H。解析：此题待确认，关于望远镜和天文馆活动对应 [K] 或相似段落。
41. M。解析：此题待确认，关于红光由大气过滤。
42. F。解析：关于 Native American 命名。对应相关段落。
43. N。解析：关于三个现象同时发生极其罕见。
44. D。解析：关于古代文化将血月视为预兆。
45. J。解析：题干中 trending topic... shared photos on social media 对应 [J] 段 enormous public excitement on social media... trending topic worldwide。
全文翻译
超级血狼月是三种天文现象的结合：超级月亮、月全食和一月的满月。这个引人注目的名称虽然听起来颇具戏剧性，但它的每一部分都有着科学含义。整个事件是自然宇宙之美的迷人例证。
月全食发生在当地球直接经过太阳和月球之间，阻挡了直射阳光照射到月球表面。然而，并非所有阳光都被完全遮挡。地球的大气层会过滤掉较短波长的蓝光，同时让较长波长的红光穿过。正是这些红光照射到月球上，赋予了它标志性的铜红色，由此得名"血月"。
"狼"这一部分源于美洲原住民的传统命名习惯。许多部落根据季节性事件和观察，为每个月的满月赋予了独特的名称。一月的满月被称为"狼月"，因为在这个寒冷的月份，人们常常听到狼群在村庄外饥饿地嚎叫。
"超级血狼月"中的"超级"指的是超级月亮。当月球在其椭圆形轨道上距离地球最近时——这一位置被称为近地点——就会出现超级月亮。在超级月亮期间，月球看起来比最远时大14%，亮30%。
三种现象——超级月亮、月全食和一月满月——结合在一起极为罕见。2019年1月的事件尤为特殊，因为三种条件同时对齐，创造了多年难得一见的观测机会。
这次日食在北美、南美、欧洲部分地区和西非均可观测。美洲的观众享受到了最佳的观测效果，许多地区有着晴朗的冬季天空。全食阶段持续约62分钟，为观测者提供了充裕的时间窗口来见证这一天象。
科学家和天文学家强调，得益于现代计算，超级血狼月完全可以预测。利用关于地球、月球和太阳轨道的精确数据，研究人员可以提前几十年确定日食的确切时间和持续时间。
古代人对月食有着截然不同的解读。在许多文化中，血红色的月亮被视为灾难或神灵不悦的预兆。印加人相信是美洲豹在吞噬月亮，而美索不达米亚人则认为这预示着国王遭到了攻击。
这一事件在社交媒体上引发了巨大的公众热情。数百万人在各大平台分享照片，使用#SuperBloodWolfMoon等标签，使其成为全球热门话题。这种数字参与展示了公众对天文事件的持久迷恋。
全国各地的水族馆和天文馆为这一事件组织了特别的观测聚会。这些场所提供了望远镜和专家讲解，将日食变成了一次教育体验。许多家庭和孩子参加了活动，使这成为一个难忘的学习之夜。
对现代科学而言，像超级血狼月这样的事件提醒我们，自然宇宙既美丽又可预测。古人将日食视为超自然迹象，而我们现在将其理解为支配我们太阳系的宇宙力学的迷人展示。
业余和专业天文学家都抓住机会全面记录了这一事件。高分辨率照片和延时视频捕捉到了月亮从明亮洁白转变为深红再变回原样的全过程。这些图像成为了宝贵的科学记录。
此类事件的教育价值怎么强调都不过分。当人们目睹超级血狼月时，他们会受到启发去学习更多关于天文学和空间科学的知识。老师和家长利用这一事件作为教学机会，向学生解释轨道、日食和月相。
下一次类似规模的超级血狼月预计将在多年后才会出现。虽然月食本身并不极其罕见——每年发生一到两次——但超级月亮、全食和一月满月同时出现则是一个更为特殊、值得关注的事件。