📝 长篇阅读 | 自由贸易悖论：相互依赖的“冷漠”时代

💡 解题核心提示

这篇文章的核心在于探讨主观感受与客观现实的错位。 - **36题**：对应 G 段。现代社会分工让人客观上更依赖他人，但主观上由于缺乏直接接触而感到更独立。
- **38题**：对应 I 段。金钱（Money）是这种“虚假独立感”的元凶，它让我们绕过了建立人际关系的麻烦。
- **44题**：对应 A 段。贸易保护主义者的论据核心——国内生产者的损失。 鼠标悬停正文或题干单词，即可实时点读精准翻译！

📖 原文精读 (A-F段)

The Free-Trade Paradox

[A] Trade shows hostility between populists and classical liberals. Free-traders point to alleviation of poverty. Protectionists point to domestic producers who've paid the price through lost livelihoods.

[D] The problem with modern trade isn’t dollars and cents. It’s a matter of false consciousness. This was first made by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1840.

[E] In primitive societies, the division of labor was undeveloped. Families were relatively independent in meeting material needs. They lived fairly self-reliant lives.

[F] Ancient life was local and face-to-face. Men perceived they were not so independent. In order to obtain support, they must lend cooperation.

📖 原文精读 (G-K段)

[G] In the modern world, the division of labor spread. Each person became more dependent on others. And yet, robbed of engagement with neighbors, we feel more independent. This is the paradox: as we become more dependent, we become less conscious of it.

[H] False consciousness causes havoc. Scarcely any commodity in an American household is independent of supply chains spread across the globe. But we do not feel dependent on strangers.

[I] Money is the first reason. It allows us to purchase work without giving thought to human beings. No relationship is needed before exchange. Money makes us feel more independent than we are. It’s like magic; the illusion is that having money to buy is the equivalent of making it yourself.

[J] Anonymity is the second cause. We trade with strangers and vote for strangers. This is the shadow side of markets. Tocqueville describes us pessimistically: each citizen exists only in and for himself. He touches them, but he does not feel them.

📖 原文精读 (L-M段)

[L] This is the greatest challenge. It’s difficult to feel gratitude toward strangers. Our brains are hardwired for tribal life, which doesn't take kindly to strangers.

[M] To win, free-traders must forge bonds of affection between consumers and foreign producers. Only by de-anonymizing workers and creating a sense of solidarity can free trade win the day. Otherwise, protectionists with nationalist solidarity will win at the ballot box.

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🎯 题目匹配 (Questions 36-45)

36. People became more and more reliant on others for basic needs as they entered the modern world even though they might feel less so.

37. On the topic of trade, productive debates might be possible, in contrast to the familiar mutual condemnation in discussing other issues.

38. We feel greater independence than we actually possess because money allows us to buy things without building any relationships.

39. The trouble with today’s trade stems from misconceptions rather than money.

40. For their arguments to prevail, advocates of free trade must try to forge bonds of affection between consumers at home and producers overseas.

41. According to Tocqueville, unlike our ancestors, we and the people we do trade with are strangers to each other.

42. In primitive societies, people had to rely mostly on themselves to meet their personal needs.

43. Few commodities in American homes are not reliant on people abroad in the process of manufacture and sale.

44. Protectionists argue against free trade by referring to the losses suffered by domestic producers and communities.

45. It is extremely hard to make people feel dependent on and grateful to strangers overseas.

🔍答案速查与核心同义替换

👉 点击查看：答案速查

36. G | 37. C | 38. I | 39. D | 40. M
41. J | 42. E | 43. H | 44. A | 45. L

📝 点击查看：同义替换详解

- 36. (G) more reliant... feel less so = as we become more and more dependent... we become less and less conscious of it.
- 37. (C) productive debates... mutual condemnation = Fruitful debates might actually take place... as opposed to... condemnation met with counter-condemnation.
- 38. (I) money... without building relationships = money allows us to purchase... without building relationship.
- 39. (D) misconceptions (误解) = a matter of false consciousness (错误意识).
- 40. (M) forge bonds of affection = forge bonds of affection (原词复现).
- 41. (J) strangers to each other = we do not know the people with whom we have to do... we trade with strangers.
- 42. (E) primitive... rely on themselves = primitive societies... required each person... to be relatively independent.
- 43. (H) American homes... reliant on people abroad = Scarcely a single commodity in any American household that isn’t dependent... on scores of different people spread out across the entire globe.
- 44. (A) losses... domestic producers = Protectionists point to the domestic producers who've paid the price... lost livelihoods.
- 45. (L) extremely hard... grateful to strangers = exceedingly difficult... feel gratitude toward strangers.