📝 长篇阅读 | 全球粮食的“B计划”：被遗忘的作物

🌱💡 解题核心提示

长篇阅读匹配题的关键在于快速定位关键词。本文探讨了被现代农业遗忘的作物（如 kedondong, bambara groundnut）：
- 核心观点：全球 2/3 粮食仅靠四种作物（小麦、玉米、水稻、大豆），这极具风险。
- 关键词定位：36 题“无知”对应 F 段 Food ignorance；38 题“非洲妇女后院”对应 G 段；43 题“殖民统治惩罚”对应 I 段；45 题“温室气体与二氧化碳”对应 K 段。
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📖 原文精读 (A-G段)

Are Forgotten Crops the Future of Food?

[A] Lim Kok Ann grows kedondong, a sour berry. But he is switching to pineapples because they have bigger markets. “We have to grow what is profitable,” he says.

[B] Inside silver domes at Crops For the Future (CFF), scientists turn forgotten crops into sugar-free juice. Sayed Azam-Ali calls these plants 'forgotten crops' weaving through gardens outside Kuala Lumpur.

[C] Only four crops—wheat, maize, rice, and soybean—provide two-thirds of the world’s food supply. We ignore 7,000 other crops farmed for thousands of years. CFF aims to unlock their potential.

[D] The food sector causes a third of greenhouse gas emissions. By 2050, we must produce 50% more food for 10 billion people without increasing climate change.

[E] Forgotten crops are climate-resilient and nutritious. Reducing reliance on imported crops boosts food security. Dietary diversification is critical to the future of humanity.

[F] Cecilia Tortajada says: “There is no food insecurity, there is food ignorance.” We tend to disregard native crops as if they were not valuable, but they are.

[G] In the 1980s, Azam-Ali saw women farmers in Niger grow local crops in backyards to feed families when big crops failed. This was an opportunity to build alternative food systems.

📖 原文精读 (H-O段)

[H] Are these crops marketable? Tan Xinlin uses moringa leaves to bake nutritious cakes. She modernizes old recipes to appeal to the middle class and counter the 'poor people’s food' image.

[I] Connotations run deep. Bambara groundnut was marginalized under colonial rule. African women were punished for growing it. But today, products like bambara murukku are popular, mimicking the success of quinoa.

[J] Nutrition, not just yield, is key. The 'green revolution' of the 1960s prioritized high-yielding crops. Now, carbon dioxide strips crops of minerals, making nutrition a 'time bomb'.

[K] Scientists study higher temperatures and CO2 levels on crops in chambers. This research is the 'game changer,' ensuring future crops are healthy in warmer climates.

[L] There is global momentum. Think tanks like Food Tank and Crop Trust champion agricultural diversity. Middle-income consumers want unprocessed foods their grandparents ate.

[M] Interest in forgotten foods is sometimes overtaken by Western-style diets heavy in sugar and fat.

[N] Obsession with imported products is an obstacle. Customers seek foreign ingredients as a status symbol.

[O] Climate change will force tastes to change. As staple crop yields fall, we must get used to eating other crops.

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🎯 题目匹配 (Questions 36-45)

36. According to a senior researcher, we will have secure food supply if we rid ourselves of ignorance about native crops.

37. Most of the world’s food supply comes from a tiny number out of thousands of crops that have been grown for centuries.

38. To provide their family with food when the staple crops failed, some African women farmers grew local crops in their backyards.

39. High-yielding crops have occupied a dominant position in modern agriculture since the green revolution in the last century.

40. Growing alternative crops proved feasible in a variety of environments, but the critical question was whether they would be marketable.

41. According to a professor, when the yields of staple crops fall, we will have to adapt to eating foods from alternative crops.

42. Urgent measures have to be taken to provide food for the projected world population without aggravating the climate.

43. Colonial rule marginalised local crops by punishing Africans who grew them.

44. As existing crops are endangered by global warming, we can increase food security by bringing back the many forgotten food crops.

45. Researchers are trying to find out how higher temperatures and CO2 levels affect the nutritional composition of alternative crops.

🔍答案与核心替换逻辑

👉 点击查看：答案速查

36. F | 37. C | 38. G | 39. J | 40. H
41. O | 42. D | 43. I | 44. E | 45. K

📝 点击查看：同义替换解析

- 36. (F) ignorance = food ignorance.
- 37. (C) tiny number = just four crops (wheat, maize, rice, soybean).
- 38. (G) African backyards = women farmers in Niger... backyards.
- 39. (J) high-yielding... since green revolution = Ever since the 'green revolution'... high-yielding crops dominated.
- 40. (H) critical... marketable = the question of whether these crops would be marketable remained.
- 41. (O) yields... fall... adapt to eating = as yields of staple crops fall... have to get used to eating other crops.
- 42. (D) projected population... climate = 2050... feed projected global population... without contributing to climate change.
- 43. (I) Colonial rule... punishing = Colonial rule... actually punished for growing it.
- 44. (E) warming endangered... food security = warming climates threaten... boosts food security.
- 45. (K) higher temperatures... CO2... nutritional composition = higher temperatures and CO2 levels... nutritional make-up.