Section A: Banked Cloze
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
The sheets are damp with sweat. You're cold, but your heart is racing as if a killer just chased you down a dark street. It was just a nightmare, you tell yourself, there's nothing to be afraid of. But you're still filled with 26 ______.
Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be, is there a way for dreamers to 27 ______, or even turn off, these bad dreams as they happen?
Research is 28 ______, but some studies suggest that people who can master lucid dreaming--that is, the ability to be 29 ______ that a nightmare is happening and possibly even control it without waking up-may hold the 30 ______.
Nightmares are part of the human experience, especially for kids. Doctors 31 ______ don't consider occasional nightmares a problem. They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorder that can 32 ______ from an unpleasant experience, stress, or certain drugs.
To treat the disorder, there're a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by 33 ______ research, according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, which analyzed the available research on the treatment of nightmare disorder in a recent 34 ______ published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
However, nightmares are complicated, and researchers are still struggling to understand them, said Dr. Rachel Salas, an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. What we do know is that people 35 ______ to have different kinds of nightmares at different points during the sleep cycle.
Word Bank
全文翻译
床单被汗水浸湿。你很冷，但心跳加速，仿佛刚被杀手追着跑过黑暗的街道。你告诉自己，这只是一场噩梦，没什么好怕的。但你仍然充满恐惧。考虑到噩梦有多令人不安和挥之不去，做梦者是否有办法在这些噩梦发生时避免甚至关闭它们？研究仍有限，但一些研究表明，能够掌握清醒梦的人——即能够意识到噩梦正在发生并可能在不醒来的情况下加以控制的能力——可能掌握着答案。噩梦是人类经验的一部分，尤其是对儿童而言。医生通常不认为偶尔的噩梦是个问题。它们可能只是由不愉快经历、压力或某些药物引起的睡眠障碍的症状。根据美国睡眠医学会的说法，治疗这种障碍有多种有可靠研究支持的药物和疗法。该学会在最近发表在《临床睡眠医学杂志》上的一篇综述中分析了关于噩梦障碍治疗的现有研究。然而，噩梦很复杂，研究人员仍在努力理解它们，睡眠障碍专家兼约翰霍普金斯医学院副教授 Rachel Salas 博士说。我们确实知道的是，人们在睡眠周期的不同阶段倾向于做不同类型的噩梦。Answers & Explanations
26. G (fear)。解析：介词 with 后面需要接名词。根据前文“心跳加速”、“被杀手追逐”以及“即使告诉自己没什么好怕的”，转折词 But 说明你内心仍然充满“恐惧”。be filled with fear 为固定搭配。
27. C (avoid)。解析：不定式符号 to 后面需要接动词原形。由 or even turn off（或者甚至关掉）可知，填入的词应与 turn off 构成递进关系，即“避免”或关掉噩梦。avoid（避免）最符合语境。
28. H (limited)。解析：系动词 is 后缺少表语。转折词 but 提示前后语义相反：虽然研究是（有限的），但一些研究表明...。limited 意为“有限的”。
29. D (aware)。解析：be ______ that 结构中缺少形容词。句意为“在噩梦发生时能够（意识到）它的能力”。be aware that... 是固定搭配，意为“意识到”。
30. B (answer)。解析：定冠词 the 后缺少名词。前文提出问题“有没有办法避免噩梦”，这里说掌握清醒梦的人可能掌握着（解决办法）。hold the answer 意为“掌握解决办法/答案”。
31. O (typically)。解析：主语 Doctors 和谓语 don't consider 之间缺少副词作状语。句意为“医生（通常）不认为偶尔的噩梦是个问题”。typically 意为“通常地”。
32. J (result)。解析：情态动词 can 后缺少动词原形，且与介词 from 搭配。句意为“可以由不愉快的经历（引起）的睡眠障碍症状”。result from 是固定搭配，意为“由...引起 / 产生于”。
33. L (rigorous)。解析：名词 research 前缺少形容词作定语。句意为“由（严谨的）研究所支持的药物和疗法”。rigorous 意为“严谨的，严格的”，修饰科学研究非常地道。
34. K (review)。解析：形容词 recent 之后缺少名词。根据 published in the Journal（发表在期刊上）可知，这应该是一篇文献。review 意为“综述，评论文章”，符合学术语境。
35. M (tend)。解析：主语 people 之后缺少谓语动词，且后接不定式 to have。句意为“我们确切知道的是，人们在睡眠周期的不同时间点（倾向于）做不同种类的噩梦”。tend to do sth 是固定句型，意为“倾向于做某事”。