Section B: Paragraph Matching
Directions: In this section. you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Why Your Library Is the Most Important Place in Town
A) Librarians know the value of their community services, and their patrons appreciate their importance as well. But in an increasingly digital world, we see the role of libraries as community and cultural centers at times undervalued. When shrinking municipal budgets combine with the nonstop technological revolution, public library services that focus on building communities face-to-face, inspiring and educating patrons about art, literature, and music, and helping patrons engage in civil discourse can seem old-fashioned. But it is precisely those shrinking budgets and the assault of technologically mediated life that make public libraries cultural and community offerings more important than ever.
B) Many people point out the value public libraries bring to their communities. More than just books and banks of computers, libraries are still places where individuals gather to explore, interact, and imagine. Some of the specific ways in which libraries add value to our communities and serve as cultural centers for our patrons are community builders, centers for the arts, and champions of youth. Libraries serve in these capacities and are more than just about information.
C) As community builders, libraries are engaged in incredible work. From tiny public libraries to huge city institutions with multiple branches, libraries across the United States are building community and supporting local culture in exciting ways. These are inspiring and hopefully will encourage librarians interested in community services and cultural outreach to make connections with each other, share ideas, and build partnerships. Supporters of libraries as community builders claim that unless you are out there changing neighborhoods, you are not completing the work you are to do. Strengthening neighborhoods and championing the cultural lives of communities are big responsibilities.
D) Place-based economic development stresses the importance of offering attractive, functional and community-based places, such as libraries, in town squares and depressed neighborhoods. Like a major department store in a mall, libraries attract large numbers of people, creating economic opportunities for numerous businesses and organizations in the surrounding area. Large cities, medium-sized ones, and even small towns have successfully transformed their libraries into the hubs (枢纽) of vibrant neighborhoods.
E) As key municipal agencies, and focal points for community education, libraries are major players in creating livable, environmentally friendly cities and towns. The Urban Libraries Council released a report detailing the unique ways in which libraries can further sustainability at the local level. Beyond ensuring that library construction projects consider environmental impact, libraries can take a lead in supporting local foods and craftsmen, like the Peabody Institute Library’s partnering with local businesses to pioneer a farmers’ market in their courtyard, or the Richmond Public Library’s seed lending library which “nurtures locally-adapted plant varieties, and fosters community resilience (韧性), self-reliance and a culture of sharing.”
F) Archives preserve historic artifacts, oral histories, digital history projects, and scholarly writings relevant to the community, including minority groups. Communities lucky enough to have archivists have a great advantage when it comes to organizing historical records and artifacts. An organized archive is a place where people can research their ancestry and immigration history, do environmental research, and more. An archivist is an advocate for preservation who, among other things, coordinates the restoration of maps and paintings, the digitization of vital records, and the creation of oral history projects. With projects like the Massachussets Memories Road Show and the Veterans History Project, evidence of the importance of archives is everywhere.
G) In the words of Robert Putnam, “People may go to the library looking mainly for information, but they find each other there.” New moms connect at baby story-times; elderly people, often facing difficult life transitions, attend events and find that they make new friends; teenagers meet up in libraries’ teen spaces after school; and readers discuss current events in the periodicals room. In libraries, community-building connections are happening all the time.
H) As Keith Richards said, “The public library is the great equalizer.” Despite the rising costs of concert and theater tickets, public library events (including concerts, author visits, and gallery displays) are often offered free of charge, enabling people of any income level to attend. In addition, library book groups allow people to explore and discuss the literary arts, and the Great Stories Club introduces at-risk youth to literature. The best part: it’s all free and open to the public.
I) In a time when education is increasingly expensive, public libraries provide information and educational opportunities free for all people, regardless of their socio-economic status. Offered by libraries across the country, American Library Association’s Let’s Talk about It programs are wonderful examples of scholar-facilitated learning opportunities in libraries. In addition, many libraries present classes and discussion programs and some even provide online continuing education courses such as the Universal Class database.
J) Librarians know that patrons aren’t just information consumers they’re information producers. Patrons use the library to gain knowledge in order to create their own new and independent works. Increasing numbers of libraries provide spaces and services that meet the needs of people who want to learn how to edit Wikipedia, set up blogs or podcasts, create their own magazines, and so much more. Many libraries offer art or writing workshops and groups, and some provide music practice rooms for patrons. Programs like ImaginOn in Charlotte, North Carolina, provide exciting models that take community partnership, creativity, and creation to a new level.
K) The decline of civil discourse stems in part from the fact that it is so easy for people to watch news about, buy products from, and engage—in both the virtual and real worlds—only with those of similar backgrounds and ideologies. Public libraries, through such programs as The Human Library and Socrates Café, can help build small communities of difference that encourage people to interact with and learn from each other through dialogue. By both actively promoting civil discourse through these programs, and modeling and upholding the principles of free inquiry and expression for all, libraries help individuals rediscover the importance of and increased need for civil discourse in American life.
L) Free tutoring, homework help programs, and summer reading programs for kids and teens help bridge the economic divide that impacts students’ academic performance. The cost of hiring a private tutor is well beyond what many library patrons can afford, so libraries offer homework help and tutoring online, by phone, in person, and even through social media and homework apps. Annual summer reading programs also have a positive impact on student performance and, according to a 2010 study conducted by Dominican University’s Graduate School of Library and Information Science, students’ reading skills get a boost from these popular nationwide events.
M) Through library collections, programs, and physical spaces, children learn to share to be engaged in their communities, to participate in the arts, and to explore their immediate world and the world at large. There are surely endless examples of innovative library services for children including the Middle Country Public Library’s Nature Explorium, which engages children in learning about the natural world.
N) These examples are just a few of the many amazing things that public libraries around the United States (and the world) are doing to build and maintain strong community connections. We encourage you to try some of these ideas in your own libraries, and we hope that these ideas will help you be better able to convince your community leaders of the important role that public libraries play in communities large and small.
Answers & Explanations (答案与解析)
Section B: Paragraph Matching
36. G。解析：题干意为“去图书馆寻找信息的人可以在那里建立彼此的联系”。定位至段落 G 第一句 “People may go to the library looking mainly for information, but they find each other there.”（人们去图书馆可能主要是为了寻找信息，但他们在那里找到了彼此）。"in search of information" 对应 "looking mainly for information"；"build connections with each other" 对应 "find each other there" 及该段末句的 "community-building connections are happening all the time"。
37. C。解析：题干意为“根据图书馆作为社区建设者倡导者的说法，如果图书管理员不改变他们的社区，他们就没有做好他们的工作”。定位至段落 C 倒数第二句 "Supporters of libraries as community builders claim that unless you are out there changing neighborhoods, you are not completing the work you are to do."（支持图书馆作为社区建设者的人声称，除非你在改变街区/社区，否则你就没有完成你要做的工作）。"advocates" 对应 "Supporters"；"not doing their job well" 对应 "not completing the work you are to do"；"change their communities" 对应 "changing neighborhoods"。
38. I。解析：题干意为“随着教育成本不断上升，公共图书馆仍然是所有人都能获得教育的地方”。定位至段落 I 第一句 "In a time when education is increasingly expensive, public libraries provide information and educational opportunities free for all people, regardless of their socio-economic status."（在教育越来越昂贵的时代，公共图书馆为所有人免费提供信息和教育机会，无论其社会经济地位如何）。"costs of education continually rising" 对应 "education is increasingly expensive"；"have access to education" 对应 "provide educational opportunities"。
39. D。解析：题干意为“图书馆吸引大量人群，从而在邻近地区创造了大量的商业机会”。定位至段落 D 第二句 "Like a major department store in a mall, libraries attract large numbers of people, creating economic opportunities for numerous businesses and organizations in the surrounding area."（就像购物中心里的大型百货商店一样，图书馆吸引了大量的人，为周边地区众多的企业和组织创造了经济机会）。"draw large crowds" 对应 "attract large numbers of people"；"business opportunities" 对应 "economic opportunities for numerous businesses"；"neighboring areas" 对应 "surrounding area"。
40. A。解析：题干意为“随着世界越来越数字化，人们有时会低估图书馆作为社区和文化中心的作用”。定位至段落 A 第二句 "But in an increasingly digital world, we see the role of libraries as community and cultural centers at times undervalued."（但在一个日益数字化的世界里，我们看到图书馆作为社区和文化中心的作用有时被低估了）。"more and more digitalized" 对应 "increasingly digital"；"sometimes underestimate" 对应 "at times undervalued"。
41. L。解析：题干意为“公共图书馆为儿童和青少年组织的各种项目有助于缩小来自不同经济背景的学生之间的差距”。定位至段落 L 第一句 "Free tutoring, homework help programs, and summer reading programs for kids and teens help bridge the economic divide that impacts students’ academic performance."（为儿童和青少年提供的免费家教、作业辅导项目和暑期阅读项目，有助于弥合影响学生学业成绩的经济鸿沟）。"children and adolescents" 对应 "kids and teens"；"narrow the gap between students from varying economic backgrounds" 对应 "bridge the economic divide"。
42. F。解析：题干意为“在有组织的档案馆中，人们可以对他们的家族史进行研究，并了解他们的祖先是如何来到这片新土地上定居的”。定位至段落 F 第三句 "An organized archive is a place where people can research their ancestry and immigration history..."（一个有组织的档案馆是人们可以研究他们祖先和移民历史的地方）。"do research on their family history" 和 "how their ancestors came to settle" 对应 "research their ancestry and immigration history"。
43. H。解析：题干意为“公共图书馆组织文化活动，通常允许不同收入水平的人免费参加”。定位至段落 H 第二句 "...public library events (including concerts, author visits, and gallery displays) are often offered free of charge, enabling people of any income level to attend."（……公共图书馆的活动通常是免费提供的，使任何收入水平的人都能参加）。"cultural events" 对应括号内的音乐会、画廊展示等；"allowing people of different income levels to attend" 对应 "enabling people of any income level to attend"。
44. B。解析：题干意为“除了作为信息提供者，图书馆还为社区提供许多其他重要服务”。定位至段落 B 最后一句 "Libraries serve in these capacities and are more than just about information."（图书馆履行这些职能，并且不仅仅提供信息）。"Besides being an information provider" 对应 "more than just about information"；"performs many other important services" 对应该段前文提到的 "serve as cultural centers", "community builders" 等职能。
45. K。解析：题干意为“公共图书馆可以帮助建立由不同背景和意识形态的人组成的小型社区”。定位至段落 K 第二句 "Public libraries... can help build small communities of difference that encourage people to interact with and learn from each other..."（公共图书馆……可以帮助建立差异化的小型社区，鼓励人们互动和互相学习），同时结合上一句提到的 "similar backgrounds and ideologies"（相似的背景和意识形态）的局限性，本句中的 "communities of difference" 正是指代由具有“不同背景和意识形态”的人组成的社区。
【核心同义替换归纳】
in search of <=> looking mainly for (寻找) [36 - G]
advocates <=> Supporters (倡导者，支持者) [37 - C]
continually rising <=> increasingly expensive (不断上升 / 越来越贵) [38 - I]
neighboring areas <=> surrounding area (周边/邻近地区) [39 - D]
underestimate <=> undervalued (低估) [40 - A]
narrow the gap <=> bridge the economic divide (缩小差距 / 弥合经济鸿沟) [41 - L]
family history / ancestors <=> ancestry and immigration history (家族史/祖先) [42 - F]
allowing <=> enabling (允许 / 使能够) [43 - H]
Besides being an information provider <=> more than just about information (不仅仅提供信息) [44 - B]
people with different backgrounds <=> communities of difference (差异化的社区) [45 - K]