Skip to content

Section A: Banked Cloze

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Herbicide-Free Campus

In her second year, Charlene Duong learned of the use of poisonous, synthetic pesticides on her college campus. Shocked but not surprised, she knew she had to do something. Along with a couple of classmates, Charlene did a quick web search and discovered a small but growing movement led by the organization, Herbicide-Free Campus (HFC), to rid college campuses of artificial herbicides (灭草剂). They were (26) ______.
Like many, Charlene experiences climate anxietya (27) ______ fear of a climate catastropheand was, at the time, looking for an (28) ______. When she discovered the HFC movement, she said she felt shehad found a specific area to focus on that still fit into the larger picture of fighting for a healthier, safer, cleaner (29) ______ for all.”
Toxic herbicide use in university land care is not unique. Most institutions of higher education rely on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers to achieve (30) ______ goals. Having abeautifulcampus means green and perfectly maintained lawns along with flower beds and paved sidewalks. But these (31) ______ managed campuses can come at a cost: increased cancer risk, (32) ______ waterways, poisoned wildlife and lifeless soil.
Pesticide use on college campuses also contributes to our global climate crisis. The use of chemicals to get rid of insects or unwanted plant life can increase indirect (33) ______, as they can include petroleum-based ingredients. Pesticide use also decreases the life in soil, (34) ______ the ability of soils to absorb carbon or retain water and thus reducing campuses ability to recover quickly from climate-related extreme weather events like droughts and floods.
Instead of using toxic chemicals, students working with HFC help out with (35) ______ the campus grounds. “This work reminds me to be in the present moment as I play my role in reducing herbicide use and keeping my campus safe and healthy,” says Charlene.
A) aesthetic
B) chronic
C) contaminated
D) conventionally
E) emissions
F) environment
G) hampering
H) incidentally
I) infringement
J) intrigued
K) juvenile
L) outlet
M) rotating
N) vibrations
O) weeding

Answers & Explanations (答案与解析)

Section A: Banked Cloze
26. J (intrigued)。解析:空格在系动词 `were` 之后,作表语,主语是 `They`(指代 Charlene 和她的同学)。前文提到她们在网上搜索并发现了一个不断发展的环保运动,因此她们对此感到“好奇/被迷住了”。选项 `intrigued`(被迷住的,好奇的)完美契合语境。
27. B (chronic)。解析:空格在不定冠词 `a` 和名词 `fear` 之间,需要填入辅音音素开头的形容词作定语。破折号前提到“气候焦虑”,破折号后是对其的解释:一种对气候灾难“长期的/慢性的”恐惧。选项 `chronic`(慢性的,长期的)符合语境。
28. L (outlet)。解析:空格在不定冠词 `an` 之后,需要填入以元音音素开头的单数名词。句意为“当时她正在寻找一个______”。结合前文一直处于焦虑情绪中,她寻找的应是一个“发泄途径/出口”。选项 `outlet`(发泄途径,出口)最贴切。
29. F (environment)。解析:空格在并列的形容词 `cleaner` 之后,需要填入名词。句意为“为一个更健康、更安全、更清洁的______而奋斗”。结合全文关于无除草剂校园和气候的讨论,选项 `environment`(环境)是显而易见的答案。
30. A (aesthetic)。解析:空格在动词 `achieve` 和名词 `goals` 之间,需要填入形容词。后文紧接着解释说,拥有一个“美丽”的校园意味着绿色的草坪、花坛等,这都是为了视觉上的美观。因此填入 `aesthetic`(审美的,美观的)。
31. D (conventionally)。解析:空格在指示代词 `these` 和形容词/过去分词 `managed` 之间,需要填入副词。前文提到依赖合成农药和化肥,这属于传统的管理方式。选项 `conventionally`(常规地,传统地)符合逻辑,表示“这些以传统(化学)方式管理的校园”。
32. C (contaminated)。解析:空格与名词 `waterways`(水道)搭配,并在 `cancer risk`, `poisoned wildlife` 和 `lifeless soil` 等负面词汇构成的并列结构中,需要填入带有负面色彩的形容词或过去分词。选项 `contaminated`(受污染的)符合语境。
33. E (emissions)。解析:空格在形容词 `indirect` 之后,需要填入名词。后文 `as they can include petroleum-based ingredients`(因为它们含有石油基成分)解释了其原因。含石油成分的化学物质会增加间接的“排放”。选项 `emissions`(排放物)符合气候和环保语境。
34. G (hampering)。解析:空格在逗号后,逻辑主语是前面的整个句子 `Pesticide use also decreases the life in soil`,需要填入现在分词作结果状语。句意:“农药的使用减少了土壤中的生命,______了土壤吸收碳或保持水分的能力”。选项 `hampering`(阻碍,妨碍)完全符合语意逻辑。
35. O (weeding)。解析:空格在介词 `with` 之后,需要填入动名词或名词。前文说“与其使用有毒化学品”,说明学生们是用人工方式帮助处理校园地面。选项 `weeding`(除草)与前文的 `herbicides`(除草剂)形成呼应,表示人工除草。
【核心搭配与高分句型】
rid... of...:清除,摆脱(rid college campuses of artificial herbicides
fit into the larger picture:融入更大的图景/格局(still fit into the larger picture of fighting for...
come at a cost:付出代价(can come at a cost: increased cancer risk...
petroleum-based:含有石油成分的(petroleum-based ingredients
play a role in:在...中发挥作用,扮演角色(play my role in reducing herbicide use
【长难句解析】
"Pesticide use also decreases the life in soil, hampering the ability of soils to absorb carbon or retain water and thus reducing campuses ability to recover quickly from climate-related extreme weather events like droughts and floods."
(农药的使用还减少了土壤中的生命,阻碍了土壤吸收碳或保持水分的能力,从而降低了校园从干旱和洪水等与气候相关的极端天气事件中快速恢复的能力。)
此句包含两个由现在分词 `hampering` 和 `reducing` 构成的结果状语,层层递进地说明了农药使用的负面连锁反应,非常适合写作模仿。
全文翻译

在大学二年级时,Charlene Duong了解到校园里使用有毒的合成杀虫剂的情况。她感到震惊但并不意外,她知道她必须做些什么。Charlene和几个同学一起快速在网上搜索,发现了一场由无除草剂校园组织领导的规模虽小但正在成长的运动,旨在让大学校园摆脱人工除草剂。他们被鼓舞了。

像许多人一样,Charlene经历着气候焦虑——一种对气候灾难的持续的恐惧——当时正在寻找一个出路。当她发现无除草剂校园运动时,她说她感觉自己"找到了一个可以专注的具体领域,它仍然融入到了为所有人争取更健康、更安全、更清洁的环境的更大图景中"。

在大学土地管理中,有毒除草剂的使用并不罕见。大多数高等教育机构都依赖合成杀虫剂和化肥来实现美学目标。拥有一个"美丽"的校园意味着绿油油的、完美修剪的草坪,以及花坛和铺砌的人行道。但这些精心管理的校园可能会付出代价:增加的癌症风险、被污染的水道、中毒的野生动物和毫无生机的土壤。

大学校园中杀虫剂的使用也加剧了全球气候危机。使用化学物质来消灭昆虫或不需要的植物生命会增加间接排放,因为它们可能含有石油基成分。杀虫剂的使用还减少了土壤中的生命,降低了土壤吸收碳或保持水分的能力,从而削弱了校园从干旱和洪水等气候相关极端天气事件中恢复的能力。

不使用有毒化学物质,与无除草剂校园合作的学生们帮忙维护校园场地。"这项工作提醒我要活在当下,同时我也在为减少除草剂的使用和保持校园的安全健康尽自己的一份力,"Charlene说。

Practice makes perfect.