主题分类词汇：高频短语与难词
收录 100 个四级高频动词短语 + 100 个易混淆难词，这些是阅读和听力的关键。
一、高频动词短语 (50组)
| 短语 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| abide by | 遵守 | We must abide by the rules. |
| account for | 解释；占……比例 | Imports account for 30% of GDP. |
| act on | 按照……行动 | Act on the advice of experts. |
| add up to | 总计达到 | The costs add up to $500. |
| allow for | 考虑到 | Allow for traffic delays. |
| appeal to | 吸引；上诉 | The design appeals to young people. |
| apply for | 申请 | She applied for a visa. |
| approve of | 赞成 | Do your parents approve of your plan? |
| attend to | 处理；照顾 | I must attend to this matter. |
| back up | 支持；备份 | Back up your files regularly. |
| bear in mind | 记住 | Bear in mind that the deadline is Friday. |
| belong to | 属于 | This book belongs to me. |
| break down | 出故障；分解 | The car broke down on the highway. |
| break out | 爆发 | A fire broke out in the building. |
| break through | 突破 | Scientists broke through barriers. |
| bring about | 导致；引起 | The reform brought about changes. |
| bring up | 养育；提出 | She brought up three children alone. |
| call for | 需要；呼吁 | The situation calls for immediate action. |
| call off | 取消 | The game was called off due to rain. |
| carry out | 执行；实施 | Carry out the plan as scheduled. |
| catch up with | 赶上 | I need to catch up with my work. |
| check in/out | 办理入住/退房 | Check in at the front desk. |
| check up on | 检查；调查 | The police checked up on him. |
| come about | 发生 | How did this come about? |
| come across | 偶然遇见 | I came across an old friend. |
| come up with | 想出 | She came up with a brilliant idea. |
| consist of | 由……组成 | The team consists of 11 players. |
| contribute to | 贡献；导致 | Smoking contributes to lung cancer. |
| cope with | 应对；处理 | How do you cope with stress? |
| count on | 依靠；指望 | You can count on me. |
| cut down on | 削减 | Cut down on sugar intake. |
| deal with | 处理；打交道 | I deal with customer complaints. |
| depend on | 依赖 | The outcome depends on many factors. |
| die out | 灭绝 | Many species are dying out. |
| do away with | 废除 | Do away with outdated regulations. |
| drop out | 辍学；退出 | He dropped out of college. |
| end up | 最终成为 | He ended up becoming a teacher. |
| face up to | 勇敢面对 | Face up to your responsibilities. |
| figure out | 弄清楚；计算出 | I can't figure out the problem. |
| fill in/out | 填写 | Fill out the application form. |
| find out | 发现；查明 | I need to find out the truth. |
| get along with | 与……相处 | She gets along well with colleagues. |
| get over | 克服；恢复 | It took months to get over the illness. |
| get rid of | 摆脱 | Get rid of bad habits. |
| give away | 赠送；泄露 | Don't give away the secret. |
| give in | 屈服；让步 | He refused to give in. |
| give up | 放弃 | Never give up on your dreams. |
| go after | 追求 | Go after what you want. |
| go through | 经历；仔细检查 | I went through a lot of hardship. |
| hand in | 上交 | Hand in your homework on time. |
二、高频动词短语续 (续50组)
| 短语 | 释义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| hold on | 等一下；坚持住 | Hold on, I'll be right back. |
| hold up | 耽搁；举起 | Traffic held us up for an hour. |
| insist on | 坚持 | She insisted on paying the bill. |
| interfere with | 干扰；妨碍 | Noise interferes with concentration. |
| keep on | 继续 | Keep on trying, don't quit. |
| keep up with | 跟上 | Keep up with the latest trends. |
| lay off | 解雇 | The company laid off 500 workers. |
| leave out | 省略；遗漏 | Don't leave out any details. |
| let down | 使失望 | I won't let you down. |
| let off | 释放；免除惩罚 | He was let off with a warning. |
| live up to | 不辜负 | Live up to your parents' expectations. |
| look after | 照顾 | Look after your younger sister. |
| look down on | 看不起 | Never look down on others. |
| look forward to | 期待 | I look forward to hearing from you. |
| look into | 调查 | The police will look into the case. |
| look up to | 尊敬 | I look up to my father. |
| make fun of | 嘲笑 | Don't make fun of others. |
| make out | 辨认出；理解 | I can't make out the handwriting. |
| make sense | 有意义；合理 | That doesn't make sense. |
| make up | 编造；弥补；化妆 | Make up for lost time. |
| make use of | 利用 | Make good use of your time. |
| mix up | 混淆 | I always mix up these two words. |
| object to | 反对 | I object to the proposal. |
| occur to | 想到 | It occurred to me that I was wrong. |
| pass away | 去世 | He passed away peacefully. |
| pass out | 昏倒；分发 | She passed out from exhaustion. |
| pay back | 偿还；报复 | I'll pay you back next week. |
| pay off | 还清；取得成功 | Hard work paid off. |
| pick out | 挑选出 | Pick out the best option. |
| pick up | 拾起；接人；学会 | I picked up some Spanish in Spain. |
| point out | 指出 | She pointed out the error. |
| pull through | 渡过难关 | He pulled through the illness. |
| put aside | 储存；放一边 | Put aside some money each month. |
| put forward | 提出 | He put forward a new theory. |
| put off | 推迟 | Never put off till tomorrow. |
| put up with | 忍受 | I can't put up with the noise. |
| rely on | 依靠 | You can rely on his judgment. |
| remind of | 使想起 | This song reminds me of my childhood. |
| result from | 由……引起 | The damage resulted from the fire. |
| result in | 导致 | The crash resulted in three deaths. |
| run into | 偶遇 | I ran into an old classmate. |
| run out of | 用完 | We ran out of time. |
| set off | 出发；引爆 | We set off at dawn. |
| set up | 建立 | She set up her own company. |
| show off | 炫耀 | He loves to show off his car. |
| stand for | 代表 | NATO stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. |
| stand out | 突出；显眼 | Her talent really stands out. |
| take advantage of | 利用 | Take advantage of this opportunity. |
| take into account | 考虑到 | Take all factors into account. |
| take off | 起飞；脱掉 | The plane took off on time. |
三、易混淆词辨析 (50对)
| 单词A | 单词B | 辨析说明 |
|---|---|---|
| abroad 国外 | aboard 在船上/车上 | go abroad 出国； aboard a plane 在飞机上 |
| accept 接受 | except 除了……之外 | I accept the offer. Everyone except Tom. |
| access 入口/访问 | assess 评估 | access the database; assess the risk |
| adapt 适应/改编 | adopt 采纳/收养 | adapt to change; adopt a policy |
| affect 影响(v.) | effect 效果(n.)/实现(v.) | Pollution affects health. side effects |
| allusion 暗指 | illusion 幻觉 | literary allusion; optical illusion |
| amoral 无关道德的 | immoral 不道德的 | amoral behavior; immoral act |
| angel 天使 | angle 角度 | guardian angel; from a different angle |
| assure 使确信 | ensure 确保 | I assure you it's safe. Ensure safety. |
| attribute 归因于；属性 | contribute 贡献 | attribute to; contribute to |
| aural 听觉的 | oral 口头的 | aural test; oral exam |
| award 奖励(v./n.) | reward 报酬/回报 | award a prize; a reward for hard work |
| beside 在……旁边 | besides 除此之外 | Sit beside me. Besides, it's too late. |
| cite 引用 | site 地点 | cite a source; construction site |
| compliment 赞美 | complement 补充/补足 | pay a compliment; complement each other |
| conscience 良心 | conscious 有意识的 | guilty conscience; become conscious |
| conserve 保护/节约 | preserve 保存 | conserve energy; preserve traditions |
| considerate 体贴的 | considerable 相当大的 | considerate person; considerable amount |
| continual 频繁的(有间断) | continuous 连续的(不间断) | continual interruptions; continuous rain |
| council 委员会 | counsel 建议/律师 | city council; legal counsel |
| credible 可信的 | creditable 值得赞扬的 | credible witness; creditable performance |
| dairy 乳制品 | diary 日记 | dairy products; keep a diary |
| dedicate 奉献 | delicate 精致的/脆弱的 | dedicate to; delicate flower |
| desert 沙漠 | dessert 甜点 | Sahara Desert; chocolate dessert |
| device 设备 | devise 设计(v.) | electronic device; devise a plan |
| disinterested 公正的 | uninterested 不感兴趣的 | disinterested judge; uninterested student |
| emigrate 移出 | immigrate 移入 | emigrate from; immigrate to |
| eminent 杰出的 | imminent 即将发生的 | eminent scholar; imminent danger |
| explicit 明确的 | implicit 含蓄的 | explicit instructions; implicit trust |
| extend 延伸 | extent 程度(n.) | extend the deadline; to some extent |
| fatal 致命的 | fateful 决定性的 | fatal accident; fateful decision |
| historic 有历史意义的 | historical 历史的(与历史相关) | historic event; historical records |
| human 人类的 | humane 人道的 | human body; humane treatment |
| imaginable 可想象的 | imaginary 虚构的 | at every imaginable cost; imaginary friend |
| industrial 工业的 | industrious 勤奋的 | industrial area; industrious student |
| ingenious 巧妙的 | ingenuous 天真单纯的 | ingenious design; ingenuous smile |
| insure 投保 | ensure 确保 | insure the house; ensure success |
| intense 强烈的 | intensive 密集的 | intense heat; intensive course |
| judicial 司法的 | judicious 明智的 | judicial system; judicious decision |
| later 后来 | latter 后者 | later that day; the latter option |
| literate 有文化的 | literal 字面的 | computer literate; literal meaning |
| lone 孤独的 | alone 单独的 | a lone traveler; stay alone |
| loyal 忠诚的 | royal 皇家的 | loyal friend; royal family |
| moral 道德的 | morale 士气(n.) | moral values; boost morale |
| persecute 迫害 | prosecute 起诉 | persecute minorities; prosecute criminals |
| personal 个人的 | personnel 人员(n.) | personal opinion; military personnel |
| physic 医学/药品 | physique 体格(n.) | nuclear physic; strong physique |
| precede 在……之前 | proceed 继续进行 | Lightning precedes thunder. Proceed with plan. |
| principle 原则 | principal 主要的；校长 | moral principles; school principal |
| stationary 静止的 | stationery 文具 | stationary car; buy stationery |
四、高频易错拼写词 (50个)
| 正确拼写 | 释义 | 易错点 |
|---|---|---|
| accommodation | 住宿 | 双c双m |
| achievement | 成就 | ie不ei |
| acknowledge | 承认 | c在k后 |
| acquaintance | 熟人 | c在q后 |
| acquire | 获得 | c在q后 |
| aggressive | 侵略的；进取的 | 双g双s |
| appearance | 外貌 | ance结尾 |
| appreciate | 感激；欣赏 | 双p |
| appropriate | 适当的 | 双p双r |
| architecture | 建筑 | ch在t后 |
| atmosphere | 大气层 | sphere |
| audience | 观众 | ience结尾 |
| beautiful | 美丽的 | eau |
| beginning | 开始 | 双n |
| believe | 相信 | ie |
| beneficial | 有益的 | fi不fe |
| campaign | 运动；战役 | gn结尾 |
| category | 类别 | gory结尾 |
| characteristic | 特征 | 两个c |
| circumstance | 环境 | um不em |
| committee | 委员会 | 双m双t双e |
| comparison | 比较 | a不i |
| competition | 竞争 | e不i |
| conscience | 良心 | sc |
| conscious | 有意识的 | sc |
| controversy | 争议 | versy |
| convenient | 方便的 | nient |
| curiosity | 好奇心 | osity |
| definitely | 肯定地 | 不是definately |
| develop | 发展 | no final e |
| disappoint | 使失望 | 单s双p |
| embarrass | 使尴尬 | 双r双s |
| environment | 环境 | ronm |
| equipment | 设备 | 不是equipement |
| exaggerate | 夸张 | 双g |
| excellent | 优秀的 | 双l |
| exercise | 锻炼；练习 | rc不是rs |
| existence | 存在 | ence结尾 |
| experience | 经验 | rience |
| explanation | 解释 | plana不用plain |
| familiar | 熟悉的 | iar |
| foreign | 外国的 | eign |
| government | 政府 | 有n |
| guarantee | 保证 | ua不au |
| independent | 独立的 | ent不ant |
| knowledge | 知识 | 有d |
| necessary | 必要的 | 单c双s |
| opportunity | 机会 | 双p |
| parallel | 平行的 | 双l中间单r |
| possession | 拥有 | 双s开头双s结尾 |
| pronunciation | 发音 | nun不用noun |