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Part C: Translation (2017)

Part 1: Full Text (Click to Translate)

The growth of the use of English as the worlds primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades. (46) But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. 
Complex international, economic, technological and cultural changes could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breadth of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol. (47) His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities. 
David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, (48) many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages. 
If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish, Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other languages such as Japanese, French and German, spreads. 
(49) The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UKs providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly 1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exports earn up to 10 billion year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. 
The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this studying is significant: (50) It gives basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, basis for planning to meet possibilities of what could be very different operating environment. That is necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it. 

Part 2: Sentence Translation (Click to Expand)

(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.
(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generations of the United Kingdom do not need additional language capabilities.
(48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.
(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK's providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors.
(50)It gives a basis to all organizations which seek to promote the learning and use of English, a basis for planning to meet possibilities of what could be a very different operating environment.

Part 3: Syntax Analysis (难点句型剖析)

(46) 句型拆解:让步状语从句与同位语从句
句首的 even as 引导时间或让步状语从句,意为“即使/正当...的时候”。主句是 there are signs that...,其中 that 引导的是同位语从句,用于补充说明 signs (迹象) 的具体内容:英语的全球主导地位可能会衰退。

(47) 句型拆解:定语从句与结果状语从句
主干为 His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those...who 引导定语从句修饰 those。在 who 引导的从句中,包含了一个 so... that... (如此...以至于...) 引导的结果状语从句:英语地位如此稳固(so stable),以至于英国的年轻一代不需要(that... do not need)额外的语言能力。

(48) 句型拆解:并列句与不定式
这是一个由 but 连接的并列句。前半句说明许多国家正在采取的行动 (introducing English into...);后半句说明英国学生的情况。后半句中使用了 do not appear to be gaining... (似乎并未获得...)。to achieve fluency... 是不定式作定语,修饰 encouragement,意为“去流利掌握其他语言的鼓励”。

(49) 句型拆解:过去分词作定语与并列宾语
主语 The changes 后面紧跟过去分词短语 identified by David Graddol 作后置定语。谓语动词是 present (带来/提出)。宾语是 clear and major challenges。其后跟着两个由 to 引导的并列对象:一是 to UK's providers of...,二是 to broader education business sectors

(50) 句型拆解:同位语与宾语从句
主干为 It gives a basis to all organizations...which seek to... 是定语从句修饰 organizations。其后的 a basis for planning... 是对前面 a basis 的同位语复指。在 for planning to meet possibilities of 后,接了由 what 引导的宾语从句:what could be a very different operating environment (可能是截然不同的运营环境的情况)。

Practice makes perfect.