Part B: Ordering Utterances (2017)
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-G and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs B and D have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
[A]
The first published sketch, "A Dinner at Poplar Walk" brought tears to Dickenss eyes when he discovered it in the pages of The Monthly Magazine. From then on his sketches, which appeared under the pen name "Boz" in The Evening Chronicle, earned him a modest reputation.
[B]
[固定位 6] The runaway success of The Pickwick Papers, as it is generally known today, secured Dickenss fame. There were Pickwick coats and Pickwick cigars, and the plump, spectacled hero, Samuel Pickwick, became a national figure.
[C]
Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared, a publishing firm approached Dickens to write a story in monthly installments, as a backdrop for a series of woodcuts by the then-famous artist Robert Seymour, who had originated the idea for the story. With characteristic confidence, Dickens successfully insisted that Seymours pictures illustrate his own story instead. After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct a drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose. Seymour made the change, went into his backyard, and expressed his displeasure by committing suicide. Dickens and his publishers simply pressed on with a new artist. The comic novel, The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club, appeared serially in 1836 and 1837, and was first published in book form in 1837.
[D]
[固定位 1] Charles Dickens is probably the best-known and, to many people, the greatest English novelist of the 19th century. A moralist, satirist, and social reformer. Dickens crafted complex plots and striking characters that capture the panorama of English society.
[E]
Soon after his fathers release from prison, Dickens got a better job as errand boy in law offices. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a court stenographer and as a reporter in Parliament. At the same time, Dickens, who had a reporters eye for transcribing the life around him, especially anything comic or odd, submitted short sketches to obscure magazines.
[F]
Dickens was born in Portsmouth, on Englands southern coast. His father was a clerk in the British navy pay office - a respectable position, but with little social status. His paternal grandparents, a steward and a housekeeper possessed even less status, having been servants, and Dickens later concealed their background. Dickens mother supposedly came from a more respectable family. Yet two years before Dickens birth, his mothers father was caught stealing and fled to Europe, never to return. The familys increasing poverty forced Dickens out of school at age 12 to work in Warrens Blacking Warehouse, a shoe-polish factory, where the other working boys mocked him as "the young gentleman." His father was then imprisoned for debt. The humiliations of his fathers imprisonment and his labor in the blacking factory formed Dickens greatest wound and became his deepest secret. He could not confide them even to his wife, although they provide the unacknowledged foundation of his fiction.
[G]
After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world. In Oliver Twist, he traces an orphans progress from the workhouse to the criminal slums of London. Nicholas Nickleby, his next novel, combines the darkness of Oliver Twist with the sunlight of Pickwick. The popularity of these novels consolidated Dickens as a nationally and internationally celebrated man of letters.
Answer Sheet
答案解析 (Answers & Analysis)
[D] 首段定位 (固定位 1)。 D段对狄更斯进行了总体的评价（19世纪最伟大的英国小说家），这是典型的人物传记开头。
41. [F] 出生与童年。 D段总起后，按照时间线，F段讲述了狄更斯的出生（born in Portsmouth）、辍学做童工（work in a shoe-polish factory）以及父亲入狱（imprisoned for debt）等早期经历。
42. [E] 青年工作与初次投稿。 F段讲到父亲入狱，E段首句“Soon after his fathers release from prison（父亲出狱后不久）”完美衔接。随后E段提到狄更斯做记者并开始向默默无闻的杂志投递短文（submitted short sketches）。
43. [A] 第一篇短文发表。 紧接E段的投稿行为，A段首句“The first published sketch（第一篇发表的短文）”在逻辑上严丝合缝。A段末尾提到他使用了笔名“Boz”。
44. [C] Pickwick的创作过程。 C段首句“Soon after Sketches by Boz appeared”承接A段提到的笔名Boz。C段详细描述了连载小说《Pickwick Club》的创作和出版过程（1836-1837年）。
[B] 名声大噪 (固定位 6)。 B段讲述了《匹克威克外传》（The Pickwick Papers）取得的巨大成功，使他成为全国性人物。
45. [G] 后续作品与成就。 G段首句“After Pickwick, Dickens plunged into a bleaker world”完美承接B、C段的 Pickwick。随后G段列举了他的后续名著《雾都孤儿》等，并在文末总结了他的文学地位（celebrated man of letters），完美收尾全文。
全文翻译
[A] 第一篇发表的随笔《白杨道晚宴》当狄更斯在《月刊杂志》上发现它时，使他热泪盈眶。从那时起，他以笔名"博兹"在《纪事晚报》上发表的随笔为他赢得了些许声誉。
[C] 《博兹随笔集》问世后不久，一家出版公司找到狄更斯，请他写一个按月连载的故事，作为当时著名艺术家罗伯特·西摩一系列木刻版画的背景文字，正是西摩提出了这个故事的构想。狄更斯以他特有的自信成功坚持让西摩的图画改为自己的故事配图。第一期连载之后，狄更斯写信给艺术家，要求他修改一幅狄更斯觉得对其散文不够忠实的画作。西摩做了修改，走进后院，以自杀表达了他的不满。狄更斯和他的出版商只是换了一个新艺术家继续推进。这部喜剧小说《匹克威克外传》于 1836 年和 1837 年以连载形式出版，于 1837 年首次以书籍形式出版。
[E] 父亲出狱后不久，狄更斯在律师事务所找到了一份更好的差事做跑腿男孩。他自学速记，后来又找到了一份更好的工作，担任法庭速记员和议会记者。与此同时，狄更斯用他记者般敏锐的目光记录周围的生活，尤其是那些滑稽或奇特的事情，并向不知名的杂志投稿短篇随笔。
[F] 狄更斯出生在英格兰南海岸的朴茨茅斯。他的父亲是英国海军出纳处的一名职员——一个体面的职位，但社会地位不高。他的祖父母是管家和管家婆，地位更低，曾经是仆人，狄更斯后来隐瞒了他们的背景。狄更斯的母亲据说来自一个更体面的家庭。然而狄更斯出生前两年，他的外祖父因偷窃被捕并逃往欧洲，再也没有回来。家里日益贫困，迫使狄更斯在 12 岁时辍学，去沃伦黑鞋油厂——一家鞋油工厂工作，那里的其他打工男孩嘲笑他是"年轻绅士"。他的父亲随后因债务入狱。父亲入狱和自己在鞋油厂劳动的羞辱构成了狄更斯最大的伤痛，也成为他最深层的秘密。他甚至连妻子都不能倾诉，尽管这些经历为他的小说提供了不为人知的基础。
[G] 《匹克威克》之后，狄更斯进入了一个更加灰暗的世界。在《雾都孤儿》中，他追溯了一个孤儿从济贫院到伦敦犯罪贫民窟的历程。《尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝》是他下一部小说，融合了《雾都孤儿》的黑暗与《匹克威克》的阳光。这些小说的流行巩固了狄更斯作为全国乃至国际知名文学家的地位。