Part B: Subheading Matching (2020)
Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office
Is it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day, and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.
41. ___________________
If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try to stay tight‑lipped around them. But you won’t be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.
42. ___________________
Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it’s a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back‑and‑forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.
43. ___________________
It’s common to have a “cubicle mate” or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don’t always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.
44. ___________________
Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don’t have to be someone’s boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don’t overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.
45. ___________________
This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while others are more straightforward. Jokes that work on one person won’t necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you’re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.
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全文翻译
有可能喜欢办公室里的每一个人吗？想想看把15个人聚在一起有多难，更别提50个人都相处融洽了。但与友谊不同，你需要同事。你每天与他们一起工作，你依赖他们，就像他们依赖你一样。以下是让整个办公室的人都支持你的一些方法。
如果你想和职场里的某个人叫板，你可能会尽量在他们面前闭口不言。但这对你们双方都没有帮助。哈佛商学院的一项研究发现，观察者一致给予那些坦诚谈论自己的人更高的评价，而隐瞒的人则失去了可信度。教训不是你把个人生活变成一本打开的书，而是当有机会提供关于自己的细节或是费尽心思地隐藏它们时，你应该保持诚实。
与对自己诚实同样重要的是要接纳他人。我们常常觉得有必要告诉别人我们的感受，无论是对一个项目的担忧、一个游离的想法还是一种赞美。这些都是有道理的，但你也需要花时间听完同事的话。事实上，急于表达自己的想法可能会让同事觉得你不重视他们的意见。尽量以真诚的、双向的对话方式与同事交流，而不是优先表达自己的想法。
在工作环境中有一个"隔间伙伴"或特殊知己是很常见的。但除了这些值得信赖的同事之外，你应该拓展你的视野，了解周围所有的人。利用你的午餐和咖啡休息时间与你不常见的同事见面。了解他们在工作之外的生活和兴趣。这只需要最少的努力却大有裨益。除了是工作日中一个不错的休息，这还将有助于发展你的内部人脉。
正面反馈对任何人来说都很重要。你不必是某人的老板才能告诉他们他们在某个特定项目上做了出色的工作。这将有助于在他人心中产生好感。但不要过度或做假。一项研究发现，人们对从负面转向正面的评论反应最好，可能是因为这表明他们赢得了某个人的认可。
这一点可能更难做到，但它可以大有助于取得成果。记住，在与任何同事打交道时，要记住他们从互动中看重什么。注意他们如何与他人说话。有些人在深入研究重要事项之前喜欢在会议中闲聊，而其他人则更直接。对一个人管用的笑话不一定会对另一个人奏效。所以，根据类型相应地调整你的风格。提前考虑你要打交道的这个人，以及什么会让你达到你想要的结果。
答案解析 (Answers & Analysis)
41. 对应 [E] Reveal, don’t hide, information (展现而非隐藏信息)
【定位】段落中提到 “frank about themselves（对自己坦率）”、“offer up details（提供细节）”，对比 “hid（隐藏）”、“conceal（掩盖）”。段落核心在于强调“你应该诚实（you should just be honest）”，这完全契合选项 [E]。
42. 对应 [F] Slow down and listen (慢下来，去倾听)
【定位】文中警告 “rushing to get your own ideas out（急于表达自己的想法）”，并建议 “take time to hear out your coworkers（花时间听完同事的话）” 以及进行 “back‑and‑forth conversation（互动式的谈话）”。核心是听，而非说，对应 [F]。
43. 对应 [D] Spend time with everyone (花时间与每个人接触)
【定位】关键词：“expand your horizons（拓宽视野）”、“find out about all the people around you（了解周围所有人）”。文中特别建议利用午餐和咖啡休息时间去见 “colleagues you don’t always see（不常遇见的同事）”。
44. 对应 [A] Give compliments, just not too many (给予赞美，但不要过度)
【定位】文中提到 “tell them they did an exceptional job（告诉他们工作出色）”，这属于赞美（compliments）。随后警告 “don’t overdo it（不要过头）”，直接对应选项 [A] 中的 “just not too many”。
45. 对应 [C] Tailor your interactions (调整/适配你的交流方式)
【定位】段落强调要看对方喜欢什么样的互动方式（what they appreciate from an interaction），并明确建议 “adapt your style accordingly to type（根据对方类型相应调整你的风格）”。“Tailor” 意为量身定制/调整，与 “adapt” 是同义替换。