Part A: Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following text. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)
Text 3
A Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes, Greg Rutkowski has made illustrations for games such as Dungeons & Dragons and Magic: The Gathering. And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.
His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion. The tool, along with other popular image-generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts. For example, type in “Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,” and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style.
But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the internet, often without permission and proper attribution to artists. As a result, they are raising tricky questions about ethics and copyright. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.
According to the website Lexica, which tracks over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion, Rutkowski’s name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times. Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences. Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published. The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn’t his.
“It’s been just a month. What about in a year? I probably won’t be able to find my work out there because the internet will be flooded with AI art,” Rutkowski says. “That’s concerning.”
Other artists besides Rutkowski have been surprised by the apparent popularity of their work in text-to-image generators—and some are now fighting back. Karla Ortiz, an illustrator based in San Francisco who found her work in Stable Diffusion’s data set, has been raising awareness about the issues around AI art and copyright.
Artists say they risk losing income as people start using AI-generated images based on copyrighted material for commercial purposes. But it’s also a lot more personal, Ortiz says, arguing that because art is so closely linked to a person, it could raise data protection and privacy problems.
“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,” says Ortiz. The group is in its early days of mobilization, which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation. One suggestion is that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain, and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists, Ortiz says.
31. What can be learned about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs?
32. The problem with open-source AI art generators is that they
33. After searching online, Rutkowski found
34. According to Ortiz, AI companies are advised to
35. What is the text mainly about?
答案与解析 (Answers)
31. [B] He is popular with the users of an AI art generator.
解析：第二段首句指出 Rutkowski 的独特风格是 Stable Diffusion 中“最常用的提示词之一（one of the most commonly used prompts）”，这说明他在 AI 艺术生成器的用户中非常受欢迎。
32. [C] make unauthorized use of online images.
解析：第三段指出，这些开源程序通过从互联网抓取图像建立，“通常未经许可且没有对艺术家进行适当归署（often without permission and proper attribution）”。这对应了选项C的“未经授权使用在线图像”。
33. [C] AI-generated work bearing his name.
解析：第四段末尾提到，Rutkowski 在网上搜索时发现，“搜索结果带回了挂着他的名字但并非他创作的作品（brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn’t his）”。这正是指冠以他名字的 AI 生成作品。
34. [D] adopt a different strategy for AI model training.
解析：最后一段提到 Ortiz 的建议：AI 模型可以在公共领域的图像上进行训练（trained on images in the public domain），并且 AI 公司可以与博物馆和艺术家建立伙伴关系。这属于对 AI 模型训练策略的调整建议。
35. [A] Artists’ responses to AI art generation.
解析：文章从 Rutkowski 的经历切入，讨论了艺术家们（如 Rutkowski, Ortiz 以及新成立的联盟）对 AI 侵权行为的担忧、搜索发现以及正在采取的反击行动。全文核心在于“艺术家的反应”。
全文翻译
一位使用古典绘画风格创作梦幻奇幻风景的波兰数字艺术家格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基，曾为《龙与地下城》和《万智牌》等游戏创作插图。他在新兴的文字生成图像AI领域一夜成名。他独特的风格现在已成为新的开源AI艺术生成器Stable Diffusion中最常用的提示词之一。这个工具以及其他流行的图像生成AI模型，允许任何人根据文字提示创建令人印象深刻的图像。例如，输入"巫师手持剑和发光的魔法火球与凶猛的巨龙战斗，格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基风格"，系统就会生成看起来与鲁特科夫斯基的风格相差无几的作品。但这些开源程序是通过从互联网抓取图像构建的，通常未经艺术家许可且没有适当地注明来源。因此，它们引发了关于伦理和版权的问题。像鲁特科夫斯基这样的艺术家已经受够了。根据追踪Stable Diffusion生成的超过一千万张图像和提示词的网站Lexica，鲁特科夫斯基的名字被用作提示词约93,000次。鲁特科夫斯基起初感到惊讶，但认为这可能是接触新受众的好方法。后来他试着搜索自己的名字，看看他参与制作的作品是否已经发布。网上搜索返回的作品附有他的名字，但不是他的作品。"才过了一个月。一年后会怎样？我可能在网上找不到我自己的作品了，因为互联网将被AI艺术作品淹没，"鲁特科夫斯基说。"这令人担忧。"除了鲁特科夫斯基，其他艺术家也惊讶于自己的作品在文字生成图像工具中竟如此受欢迎——一些人现在开始反击。来自旧金山的插画师卡拉·奥尔蒂斯发现自己的作品出现在Stable Diffusion的数据集中，她一直在提高人们对AI艺术和版权问题的认识。艺术家们表示，随着人们开始将基于受版权保护材料的AI生成图像用于商业目的，他们面临着失去收入的风险。但奥尔蒂斯说，这还涉及更个人化的方面，她认为由于艺术与人如此紧密相连，这可能引发数据保护和隐私问题。"艺术家行业中正在形成一个联盟，以探讨如何解决或缓解这个问题，"奥尔蒂斯说。该团体正处于动员的早期阶段，这可能涉及推动新政策或法规。奥尔蒂斯说，一个建议是AI模型可以在公共领域的图像上进行训练，AI公司可以与博物馆和艺术家建立合作关系。
核心长难句精解 (Highlighted Sentences)
1. 同位语与定语从句嵌套：
"A Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes, Greg Rutkowski has made illustrations for games such as Dungeons & Dragons..."
【解析】who 引导定语从句修饰前置同位语“A Polish digital artist”。这种结构在新闻报道中常见，用于在介绍人物姓名前快速交代其职业背景和特点。
【翻译】作为一名利用古典绘画风格创作梦幻奇幻景观的波兰数字艺术家，格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基曾为《龙与地下城》等游戏制作插画。
"A Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes, Greg Rutkowski has made illustrations for games such as Dungeons & Dragons..."
【解析】who 引导定语从句修饰前置同位语“A Polish digital artist”。这种结构在新闻报道中常见，用于在介绍人物姓名前快速交代其职业背景和特点。
【翻译】作为一名利用古典绘画风格创作梦幻奇幻景观的波兰数字艺术家，格雷格·鲁特科夫斯基曾为《龙与地下城》等游戏制作插画。
2. 否定词组的高级用法：
"...the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style."
【解析】not a million miles away from 是一种地道的英式委婉表达，字面意思是“离一百万英里远”，实际意为“非常接近/如出一辙”。
【翻译】……系统将生成一些看起来与鲁特科夫斯基风格的作品非常接近的东西。
"...the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style."
【解析】not a million miles away from 是一种地道的英式委婉表达，字面意思是“离一百万英里远”，实际意为“非常接近/如出一辙”。
【翻译】……系统将生成一些看起来与鲁特科夫斯基风格的作品非常接近的东西。
3. 原因状语从句与情态动词推测：
"...arguing that because art is so closely linked to a person, it could raise data protection and privacy problems."
【解析】arguing that 引导宾语从句。从句内部由 because 引导原因状语从句。could 在此表示一种可能性的推测，强调 AI 艺术侵权的潜在危害。
【翻译】……（她）主张，由于艺术与个人联系得如此紧密，它可能会引发数据保护和隐私问题。
"...arguing that because art is so closely linked to a person, it could raise data protection and privacy problems."
【解析】arguing that 引导宾语从句。从句内部由 because 引导原因状语从句。could 在此表示一种可能性的推测，强调 AI 艺术侵权的潜在危害。
【翻译】……（她）主张，由于艺术与个人联系得如此紧密，它可能会引发数据保护和隐私问题。