Part B: Ordering Utterances (2023)
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent text by choosing from the list A-H and filling them into the numbered boxes. Paragraphs A, E and H have been correctly placed. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
[A]
[固定位 2] Last year marked the 150th anniversary of a series of Yellowstone photographs by the renowned landscape photographer William Henry Jackson. Jackson snapped the first-ever shots of iconic landmarks such as the Tetons, Old Faithful and the Colorado Rockies on a late 19th-century expedition through the Yellowstone Basin, conducted by the head of the U.S. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, Ferdinand V. Hayden. The team included a meteorologist, a zoologist, a mineralogist, and an agricultural statistician.
[B]
Two centuries ago, the idea of preserving nature, rather than exploiting it, was a novel one to many US settlers. One of the turning points in public support for land conservation efforts - and recognizing the magnificence of the Yellowstone region in particular - came in the form of vivid photographs.
[C]
As an effective Washington operator, Hayden sensed that he could capitalize on the expeditions stunning visuals. He asked Jackson to print out large copies and distributed them, along with reproductions of Morans paintings, to each member of Congress. The visualization, particularly those photographs, really hit home that this is something that has to be protected, says Alicia Murphy, Yellowstones park historian.
[D]
Throughout the trip, Jackson juggled multiple cameras and plate sizes using the collodion process that involved coating the plates with a chemical mixture, exposing them and developing the resulting images with a portable darkroom. The crude technique required educated guesses on exposure times, and involved heavy, awkward equipment - several men had to assist in its transportation. Despite these challenges, Jackson captured dozens of striking photos, ranging from majestic images like his now-famous snapshot of Old Faithful, to casual portraits of expedition members at the camp. While veterans of previous expeditions had written at length about stunning sights, these vivid photographs were another thing entirely.
[E]
[固定位 4] The journey officially began in Ogden, Utah, on June 8, 1871. Over nearly four months, dozens of men made their way on horseback into Montana and traversed along the Yellowstone River and around Yellowstone Lake. That fall, they concluded the survey in Fort Bridger, Wyoming.
[F]
Though Native Americans (and later miners and fur trappers) had long recognized the areas riches, most Americans did not. Thats why Haydens expedition aimed to produce a fuller understanding of the Yellowstone River region, from its hot springs and waterfalls to its variety of flora and fauna. In addition to the entourage of scientists, the team also included artists: Painter Thomas Moran and photographer Jackson were charged with capturing this astounding natural beauty and sharing it with the world.
[G]
The bill proved largely popular and sailed through Congress with large majorities in favor. In quick succession, the Senate and House passed legislation protecting Yellowstone in early 1872. That March, President Ulysses S. Grant signed an act into law that established Yellowstone as the world’s first national park. While some locals opposed the designation, the decision was largely accepted - and Jacksons photos played a key role in the fight to protect the area. I dont believe that the legal protection would have happened in the time frame that it did without those images, says Heather Hansen.
[H]
[固定位 6] Perhaps most importantly, the images provided documentary evidence that later made its way to government officials. Weeks after completing the expedition, Hayden collected his teams observations into an extensive report aimed at convincing senators and representatives, along with colleagues at government agencies like the Department of the Interior, that Yellowstone ought to be preserved.
Answer Table
答案解析 (Answers & Analysis)
41. [B] 首段引入。全文讨论黄石公园的保护，B段从“两百年前”的历史背景切入，引出“摄影作品（vivid photographs）”在土地保护中的转折点作用。
42. [F] 衔接固定位A。A段末尾列举了考察队中的科学家（zoologist, mineralogist等）。F段开头用 In addition to the entourage of scientists 完美衔接，引出团队中的艺术家成员。
43. [D] 衔接固定位E。E段详细描述了考察旅程的时间和路线，D段紧接着用 Throughout the trip 说明在旅程中拍摄照片的艰难过程。
44. [C] 衔接固定位H。H段提到 Hayden 将考察报告提交给政府官员；C段具体说明他利用这些照片作为视觉武器，分发给国会议员，让他们意识到保护的必要性。
45. [G] 全文收尾。承接C段中照片对国会的触动，G段描述了法案（The bill）的通过以及黄石公园的正式建立，并再次强调照片在其中的关键作用。